Contents
1. Collocations and Vocabulary........................2
2. Word and Preposition Combinations.............9
3.Open Cloze.......................................................13
4.Word Formation..............................................18
5.Phrasal Verbs..................................................20
6.Key....................................................................27
Collocations and Vocabulary
A.I. Study the following sentences and underline the correct alternative
1. She suddenly burst/
broke into laughter when she saw the clown.
2. I strongly remember that accident;
it was the first time I had borne/stayed witness to such a violent death.
3. In the end I told them to stop joking
as they had developed/ carried
it
too far.
4. Please, cast/put an eye over this before I send it!
5. People lined the streets outside the theatre to catch a glimpse/view of her.
6. You simply don’t have to change/switch
your mind just to please me.
7. This bomb attack is meant to convey/drive a message to the
authorities.
8. The earthquake caused/provoked damage to the whole city.
9. When my parents were away, I had to
take care/hold of my younger brother.
10. They are going to try to make/start a go of their marriage
again.
1. The company had cleared the main obstacle/burden
to concluding the sales.
2. I don’t know why he is giving me
such dirty looks/eyes.
3. Ladies and gentlemen, I need to draw/take your
attention to a very important issue.
4. We have made/done systematic comparison of the techniques used by
the different players.
5. Grandmother told her grandson that
he was driving/turning her mad
6. Please drop/write a line to me to let me know how you are.
7. Try as I
might. I couldn’t lay/lie my hands on a copy of the book.
8. Just as a matter of interest/question, what were you doing on Friday evening?
9. They certainly didn’t do/make him
a favour by constanly lying to him
about his mother’s illness.
10. I tried my level/chance best to persuade her to stay.
III. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative
1. There is a great demand/choice for quality products nowadays.
2. You can go home, secured/secure in the knowledge that
your car is safe.
3. They lead the world/humanity in oil production.
4. The two schools have joined together/both to raise
money for charity.
5. He earns/wins his living by selling newspapers.
6. I trust we as a nation will maintain/keep our integrity.
7. You can enrich/maintain your knowledge by reading more about England .
8. If you want to get out of here, you
have to keep a cool head/mind.
9. Over 10 millions of smokers have
succeeded in kicking/banging the
habit.
10. Window frames carry/bring a thirty
year quarantee against rot
and decay.
IV. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative
1. If you really
want to play/pay tricks on
people, you can do it on Fools’ day.
2. It might be
easy to put/make the blame on
someone but you have to prove it.
3. Doctors fear
that these medicines will stunt/prevent
your growth.
4. The party
with an overall majority is then asked to form/make
a government.
5. The
investigation into these allegations seems no further forward/ahead.
6. This
situation will certainly raise/rise
the committee’s objection
.
7. If she reads/sees
between the lines, she will understand what I really mean.
8. He persuaded
them to re-elect him by sheer force of personality/character.
9. She was still
in the first flush/steps of her
success.
10. Cheap
importing goods are flooding/covering
the market.
V. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative
1. He managed to throw/cast cold water on the work of his colleagues.
2. Mark always turned a blind /good eye
to serious problems pretending he didn’t even care.
3. I am not in the right position to tackle/hold the problem of homelessness.
4. If I were you, I would not think for
a moment and take/grab the chance.
5. You should always keep track/
idea on what you spend every month.
6. Filling the sky, there were birds beyond/behind number.
7. The chairman brought the meeting to order/start.
8. It’s difficult to put into words/action how I feel
about what happened.
9. Any man found breaking the rules would be given absolutely no quarter/escape.
10. New evidence has thrown/sent into question his
testimony.
VI. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative
1.
Last season, our basketball team didn’t
win/beat a match.
2. It took two years to get the project
up and running/going.
3. While they were serving time in
prison, they put/carried out a
secret plan and managed to break
out.
4. He walked slowly around teh corner
and then broke into the run/walk.
5. She seeemed determined to put/bring
an end to the stormy relationship they had.
6. Smoking 50 cigarettes a day will
definitely ruin/hurt your health.
7. If you want to do/make
a complaint about the ill-treatment, try talking to the manager.
8. Read carefully first and then select/make your choice.
9.
I won’t do/make a decision
unless I talk to my lawyer.
10. You won’t do/make anybody a
favour if you kill yourself.
VII. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative.
1. The
authorities should put/take imediate action to stop the crisis.
2. The
local committee did not believe they
would have any chance to rise/raise the necessary funds to rebuild the hospital.
3. It is
always advisable to keep/hold your word otherwise noboy will ever
trust you.
4. They missed/lost
their way when they were on holiday last year.
5. We do not have to defend ourselves; the
facts/words speak for themselves.
6. I did
not seem to take/listen to anybody’s advice when I was younger and rebellious.
7. You
should trust the pople or the corporations you
are going to do/make business with.
8. If we don’t go/come to an
agreement, we won’t stop fighting.
9. The company owns/owes a duty
to its shareholders.
10. Could
you give/pay me a lift
tomorrow morning because I need to get to work early.
VIII. Study the following sentences and
underline the correct alternative.
1.
Philologists are trying to write/compile a dictionary in which to include only literary terms.
2.
After undergoing the operation., the patient did/made a
visible health improvement .
3. The band did/gave a live performance
for their fans.
4. Can
you do /make a promise that you will behave yourself while
I am on business?
5. His application for the job was rejected
as he didn’t fit/meet the company’s requirements
6. In case of emergency, take/make use
of this telephone number.
7. I
usually give/pay a visit to my grandmother every weekend.
8.
Actors have done/played an important part in
this campaign.
9. Working in my father’s company will do/make
a new start for me.
10. Nobody should ever bring/take
advantage of anyone’s misfortunes.
B. Complete
the senteces with the correct answer a,b,c,d
- Road conditions are difficult because of the……rain.
- driving
- fast
- quick
- hard
- The little girl was in ……of tears when she discovered
that she had ruined her new dress.
- storms
- waves
- floods
- streams
- I was simply
trying to ……her a compliment but she misunderstood my intentions.
- bring
- give
- pay
- tell
- I don’t know Mark very well; we are just …… aquaintances.
- casual
- mere
- simple
- normal
- I was asked to …….our next meeting as our boss was abroad
and a was the only one who knew about the plan
- chair
- present
- take
- bring
- The bus driver …… serious head injuries in the
accident.
- sustained
- produced
- resulted
- held
- John gave Mary a …..glance to see if she had been hurt or not.
- speedy
- fast
- quick
- hasty
- We ……some interesting ideas with our American
Counterparts at the end of the conference.
- exchanged
- switched
- transferred
- passed
- I think that the company’s new plans are a …..for
disaster.
- recipe
- plan
- scheme
- method
- I’d rather ….. such unpleasant memories.
- blot out
- pass away
- stir up
- flood back
- You must wear gloves in this cold or your fingers
will ….. numb.
- make
- become
- go
- have
- He seemed to have…..off the wrong foot with his
mother-in-law.
- started
- begun
- got
- put
- He had ……. great strides with his new novel.
- made
- done
- had
- accomplished
- At some point, I …. up agaisnt some oposition from
the management.
- ran
- dicovered
- encountered
- met
- I could hear his ….steps coming down the corridor.
- hard
- strong
- heavy
- harsh
- We can go for a leisurely ….. around the park later.
- stroll
- go
- journey
- trip
- It isn’t
compulsory to …… all the lectures at this university.
- assist
- attend
- listen
- see
- The teacher needs to …….some feedback on his
students’ essays.
- give
- offer
- make
- provide
- All students must ……their applications before the end
of this term.
- submit
- file
- send
- write
20.Some politicians have decided to ……. from
the elections.
a.
keep
b. enter
c. withdraw
d.
leave
C. Complete the following senteces with one
word only in order to make sense.
1. Invading
that country was an utterly ………. thing to do.
2.
We entered a richly ………. room.
3.
Are you fully ……….. of the
implications of your action?
4.
The doctor ordered him to take regular ………….
5.
The Titanic sank on its maiden ………...
6.
He was writhing on the ground in excruciating
………….
7.
Let's give Mr Jones a ……… of applause.
8.
The ceasefire ………. came into
effect at 11am.
9.
I'd like to buy two ……… of soap
please.
10.
The lion started to
roar when it heard the dog ………...
11.
Snow was falling as our plane
……… off.
12.
The bomb went ……… when he
started the car engine.
13.
The prisoner was hanged for ……….. murder.
14.
I always try to do my homework in the
morning, after making my ………...
15.
He has been asked to ……….. a
presentation about his work.
16.
We had to return home because we had …….
out of money.
17.
At first her eyes filled ………. horror,
and then she burst
into tears.
18.
Their behaviour was enough to drive
anybody ………. crime.
19.
She ………. her keys gently
on the table and sat down.
20.
Mary whispered ………… in John's
ear.
Word and
Preposition Combinations
I. Study the following sentences which contain adjective + preposition
combinations and underline the correct alternative
1.Terry, who had
been absent from/in school for two weeks, was surprised to see a
new girl in a class. Her name was Pam.
2. Sara is accustomed to/with working at night.
Working in the daytime is unusual for her.
3. Are you acquainted with/of Kaye? She runs
English-Zone.Com.
4. Ben was addicted to/on drugs, but Gwyneth turned his life around.
5. Are you afraid of/with flying saucers?
6. She is really
envious of/about her sister’s
success.
7. Sara was so angry about/with Gary that she got in her car and drove away.
8. I'm very proud of/at my daughter's wonderful progress in school.
9. Pam was annoyed at/of Tom for being late for
the date.
10. Yoko was anxious with/about going to the
dentist.
11.The
conference was dedicated to/with the problems associated with
hacking.
12. Are you aware of/off the dangers of the
Internet?
13. Todd is bored with/at
backgammon.
14. Susan was disappointed
by/with her meal.
15. Is Doctor Jones familiar
of/with that new pill?
16. The Smiths are very happy with/about their new car.
17. Are you in favor
with/ of abortion?
18. He is really opposed
against/to buying a new car.
19. He is not satisfied
by/with his new school
20. Maria is tired with/of
working for a living.
21. Don’t be frightened
by/at the dog, he won’t bite.
22. John is interested
in/by anthropology.
23. I was surprised
by/with his behavior.
24. He cannot be certain
of/on the date.
25. She seems to be totally different from/of what I expected.
II. Study the following sentences which contain verb + preposition combinations and
underline the correct alternative.
1.The scary man
is accused of/with stealing.
2 I was
wondering if you would agree with/to me.
3.Mark, please apologize
for/with being unkind to your
sister!
4. Mary applied to/at California University
5. I have never approved of/with smoking.
6. They are always
arguing with/to their neighbours
about the noise but they never argue
about/of what measures should be taken.
7. The plane
finally arrived in/to New York and my
friend arrived to/at the gate at 8:00.
8. Do you believe in/on space aliens?
9. Sara is to blame on/ for this broken window.
10. My sister borrowed $15 from/to me.
11. Please do not complain
about/of the color.
12. She consented
to/with her daughter’s marriage.
13. Water consists
of/in hydrogen and oxygen.
14. I am depending
on/of you to help me.
15. We laughed at/to
his silly shirt.
16. Do you object
to/against my smoking?
17. He succeeded
to/in making everyone angry.
18. My grandmother is always obsessing over/ at her health.
19. The children were expelled out of/from school for their
bad behavior
20. Haven’t you been taught by your parents that it is rude
to stare at/to people?
21. Her book is pitched
at/to teenagers.
22. That morning he preached
to/at two thousand people.
23.I am sure that these pills would prevent you from/against feeling sick again.
24. The whole deal preyed
in/on my mind till dusk.
25. My brother was promoted
as/to senior group manager.
III. The following senteces contain
some of the most commonly used noun +
preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds. Study the sentences
and choose the correct preposition.
1. His addiction to/with surfing the Internet is a problem.
2. He has the advantage of/on speaking English
fluently.
3. Her anxiety for/ about speaking in public
caused her to lose the job.
4. His belief about/in not harming animals was something
he learned from his mother.
5. She took credit on/ for improving the filing
system.
6. His dedication to/in teaching was
impressive.
7. The delay on/ in processing the visa caused
problems.
8. His devotion on/to biking allowed him to
win the competition.
9. The disadvantage with/of flying is that you
can't see the scenery along the way.
10. Her fondness on/ for traveling led to her
career in the travel industry.
11. His habit of/with smoking in restaurants
caused many problems in California .
12. Her career
as a pilot evolved out of her interest
in/on flying.
13. Her knowledge on/of climbing helped her
during the competition.
14. His love for/of singing developed when he
was a child.
15. Their memories about/of traveling in Africa will stay with them forever.
16. I think his preference in/ for speaking his native
language is natural.
17.The process with/of painting such a large
mural is more complicated than you might think.
18. His reaction at/to winning the prize was
quite funny.
19. The main reason for/to taking the course is to
improve your language skills.
20. The
criminal's regret for/of committing the crime did not convince the
judge.
21. The
magazine's report about/on choosing
the right car was not well researched.
22. Her reputation at/for lying is well known.
23. His responsibility in/for
completing the project on time was acknowledged by the company.
24. I don't know if I
believe his story of/about seeing a
UFO.
25. His talent in/
for learning languages was impressive.
IV. In the following
sentences the prepositions have been omitted. Fill in each gap with a
preposition in order to form well- known fixed phrases.
- According …… the news, it will rain tonight.
- Can you take this bottle along …..these cans, to the recycle bin?
- I am speaking on behalf………..my political pary.
- Because …….. the strike, there will be no buses today.
- The child entered the yard by means ……… an open gate.
- John went to
- In addition ……… studying ballet full-time, Patricia works part-time.
- In case ……..fire, break glass and pull alarm.
- In consideration …….. all your hard work I would like to take you to dinner.
- In contrast ……… last summer, this summer is quite cool.
- In deference ………. her age, we did not argue with her.
- We came here in hopes ……….. meeting the famous musician.
- He gave an oral report in lieu …….. the written exam.
- The business is in pursuit ………. excellence.
- They went into the cave in search ………the lost treasure.
- In spite ……… his good intentions, he did not study much or do well on the exam.
- In the face ……… a severe drought, conservation measures needed to be adopted.
- He was a good teacher in terms ………. getting his students to pass their exams.
- I will do my best to finish it in accordance…..the terms of the contract.
- He did everything in the name …… God.
- This is written in accordance….what I have learned.
- I am buying this house now with a view ……. selling it at a different price later on.
- His grandfather died as a result …. a heart attack.
- The council is in agreement …..the government.
- Steve was ahead …his time.
Open Cloze
1. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
Foreigners living in Britain will have to wait longer to
1 …. granted citizenship under government proposals published 2…. Thursday. Migrants would 3….. to spend time as
probationary citizens 4……. winning full
citizenship.
Those
5….. show they are committed to the country, 6 …. example by doing voluntary
service, could have their probation reduced to as little 7….. a year. But those
committing minor offences would face delays 8….. five years or more, while any
sent to jail would be immediately considered for deportation.
The
effect would be to add 9.…. least a year’s delay to citizenship—non-nationals
already have to wait a minimum of five years in Britain before making 10….
application. Immigrants in Britain
now might have to wait for 10 years before they can apply 11…. citizenship with
the UK
government proposing new tests.
“Migration only works if 12….. brings
benefits and these measures will ensure that only those migrants 13…… make a
positive impact …… their local community will be able to stay in the UK,” said
border and immigration minister Phil Woolas.
Critics said the government’s Borders,
Citizenship and Immigrants bill would do little to reduce the level of
migration ….. Britain .
2. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
WE eat therefore we live. This is
indeed 1….. simple as it sounds as long as we cook our meals 2….. home and know
fully well what goes into the making 3….. our meals. But in an age when
bakeries and eateries abound and a culture of eating out is here 4….. stay, we
can 5…… longer take 6….. granted the simple link 7…….. eating and living.
Unless we are aware 8……. the ingredients that go into the baker’s bread or the
gourmet’s gravy, we cannot be sure if the food on our plate will help us live.
Awful as it 9….. sound, the eateries and bakeries that we frequent hardly ever
enlighten us about their fare. We assume that they care 10……. our well-being as
much as they care for their profits. Unfortunately, the discovery of a hair
11……. a cake in Lahore
suggests the truth may be otherwise. Even 12….. a court has duly compensated
the consumer for the legal expenses incurred and the amount spent on the hairy
cake, the issue highlights 13….. serious inadequacies in the processing and
marketing of food at eateries. Bread, cakes and patties have labels that tell
us nothing 14……. how they are made, with what ingredients and, more
importantly, when. The goings-on inside restaurant kitchens and bakery plants
are 15…… aggressively kept under wraps that any news of something fishy found
there is suppressed.
3. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
A high fat diet 1…. before you
were born might have programmed you 2….. a life of over-eating. A new research
3……. that eating a high-fat diet in pregnancy may cause changes in the fetal
brain that lead to obesity early 4…… life.
Tests on rats 5 ……. those born to
mothers fed a high-fat diet had many more brain cells specialised to produce
appetite-stimulating proteins, reports the BBC News website. The Rockefeller University
Previous research 7……. adult
animals had shown that when fats known 8…… triglycerides circulate in the blood
they stimulate the production of proteins in the brain known as orexigenic
peptides, which 9……. turn stimulate the appetite. The latest study suggests
exposure to triglycerides from the mother’s diet has the same effect on the
developing fetal brain — and that the effect then lasts 10……. the offspring’s
life.
The researchers compared the offspring
of rats fed a high-fat diet 11….. two weeks with those whose mothers ate a
moderate amount of fat. They found that the pups born to the high-fat diet
mothers ate more, weighed more throughout life, and began puberty earlier 12….
those born to mothers who ate a normal diet.
They also had higher levels of
triglycerides in the blood 13……. birth, and as adults, and a greater production
of orexigenic peptides in their brains. More detailed analysis showed that,
even before the birth, the high-fat pups had a much larger number 14…… brain
cells that produce orexigenic peptides — and they kept them throughout their
lives. Their mothers’ high-fat diet appeared to stimulate production of the
cells, and their subsequent migration to parts of the brain linked 15…….
obesity.
4. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
As teenagers upgrade 1…… digital music players, they hand over the older
2…… to parents, giving rise to a new generation of older digital music fans.
Children pass 3…… their old
iPods, which already have their favourite songs on 4……., prompting the gap in
musical tastes between generations to close.
According 5……. the survey of
1,000 people by digital music service eMusic, nearly one 6…… five teenagers now
7…….. their second mp3 player. And 8……. these children fail to wipe their old
mp3s, they pass them 9……. to their parents, encouraging these middle-aged
adults to appreciate modern singers and bands.
10……, the number of people aged
40-plus listening to digital music is on 11…… rise, still 12…… fail to harness
the full potential of “hand-me-up” mp3 players.
With technology upgrading day 13…… day, majority of the parents are
confused and have to rely on children to 14…….. music for them. Only one in 10 adults
over 40 years of age know 15……. to replace inherited songs with their
favourites on an mp3 player.
5. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the
passage with one suitable word.
City-based
postgraduate student Samiksha Sharma, who 1…… the net a lot, has received her
share of fraudulent emails asking 2…… to send money abroad so she 3…… collect
‘lottery winnings’, get a 4……..laptop or share in the spoils of a ‘Nigerian
windfall’. It was easy to spot them 5……. fakes and ignore them.
But she
wasn’t quite prepared 6……. the email she received recently. It came from the
account of someone she knew and even bore his digital signature. “The mail said
Varun was stuck in London
and needed 1,200 pounds (Rs 85,000) to 7…….. wired to a local address because
he had lost his wallet and documents,’’ Sharma said. The email alarmed 8……, and
she called Varun, only to discover that he was in Mumbai, not London .
Sharma is
one of several people 9……. be targeted in the latest email scam. Email accounts
are 10…….. hacked into and mail is being sent to addresses in the contacts’
list. Bandra businessman Al-Naseer Zakaria approached the city police cyber
crime cell after a mail from his hotmail account 11…….. his acquaintances to
send him £1,800 (Rs 1.27 lakh) because he was stranded abroad. When a relative
replied, he 12…….. asked to wire money to a UK address.
Zakaria had earlier received 13…… email with a
Microsoft logo asking for his username and password and he 14……. complied. A
Microsoft spokesperson said the company would 15…….. ask for a user’s password
and someone with malicious intent was impersonating
the company.
6. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
A teenage computer nerd
hopes a new company he’s launched will 1…… an online powerhouse—and he’s got
the backing 2……. Microsoft to help him 3……. it.
Mike Pronovost, 19, 4…… the chief executive of Powerband Internet, a firm 5… promises ultra-fast internet speeds 6…… with dial-up phone connections.
“Our software creates a ‘virtual desktop,’ 7……. your internet connection isn’t used to 8……… download a file,” Pronovost said. Instead, the file is 9……. on Microsoft’s servers. So when a user logs 10…….. a Powerband account, 11….. connection merely runs the files — 12….. faster 13…… downloading. Downloading a 10-gigabyte movie 14….. a “virtual desktop,” Pronovost said, would 15…… about 10 seconds.
Mike Pronovost, 19, 4…… the chief executive of Powerband Internet, a firm 5… promises ultra-fast internet speeds 6…… with dial-up phone connections.
“Our software creates a ‘virtual desktop,’ 7……. your internet connection isn’t used to 8……… download a file,” Pronovost said. Instead, the file is 9……. on Microsoft’s servers. So when a user logs 10…….. a Powerband account, 11….. connection merely runs the files — 12….. faster 13…… downloading. Downloading a 10-gigabyte movie 14….. a “virtual desktop,” Pronovost said, would 15…… about 10 seconds.
7. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
Need medical help? Advice is now just a 1……
key strokes away.
Be it
tackling common cold, seeking a second opinion on starting insulin 2….. diabetes
management or the address 3….. the nearest tertiary-care hospital during
emergencies, a telecom provider 4…… started a service that provides doctors’
advice 5….. your cellphone.
This,
6……. city doctors, is in keeping 7……. the growing acceptance of high-tech tools
by doctors to stay in 8…… with patients. Five years 9……., only a few doctors
would share their mobile numbers 10……. their patients. It’s no longer the 11…...
Computers on the doctor’s desk are now the norm 12…… than exception. Consider
Thane paediatrician Makrand Joshi, who has listed his contact numbers on the
files he hands 13……. A notice in his clinic asks parents to “call me 14……. my
cellphone and not my residence phone as it could disturb others’’. When plastic
surgeon Rajesh Rajput 15…….. on leave recently, he programmed an email reply
giving his return date.
8. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the
passage with one suitable word.
An Indian millionaire 1…. owns
an internet gambling company has pleaded guilty to violating US laws and has
2…… to forfeit $300 million as part of the deal.
The 37 year old Anurag Dikshit,
who 3….. co-founder of the Gibraltar based UK company PartyGaming, appeared in
the Southern District Court here, and read a statement 4……regret for his actions.
Dikshit faced charges of 5…… the internet to transmit inter-state and
foreign betting information, a charge that carries a potential prison term of
two years, Financial Times reported. “I pleaded guilty as I came to believe
6….. was a high probability that the company's business was illegal 7……. US
laws,” Dikshit said.
His company offered casino and
poker games 8…… the American clientele and the case had 9…… going on in the
district court 10…… two years..Judge Jed Rakoff set his sentencing date for two
years.
Dikshit agreed to 11…….. with
the prosecution and prosecutors indicated that they may submit a plea to the
judge asking leniency for him. 12……. bail was set at $I5 million, but Dikshit
was not required to pay or post it in view 13….. his cooperation.
Prosecutors told the judge that
Dikshit had demonstrated his 14……. to cooperate by already paying $100m to the
US treasury and promising to pay another $100m in three months and the last
instalment of another $100m by September 30 next year.
Forbes magazine has estimated
Dikshit’s worth at $1.6 billion, making him one of the richest 15…….. in the
world.
9. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
Microsoft will release an emergency patch on Wednesday to fix a perilous
software flaw allowing hackers to hijack Internet Explorer browsers and take
1……. computers.
The US software giant said that in 2……..
to “the threat to customers” it immediately mobilized security engineering
teams worldwide to deliver a software cure “in the unprecedented 3……. of eight
days.”
4…….. to researchers at software security firm
Trend Micro, attacks based 5……. the vulnerability in the world’s most popular
web browser 6……. spreading “like wildfire” 7…….. millions of computers already
compromised. Microsoft typically releases patches for 8……. software on the
second Tuesday of each month and rushing this fix to computer users
out-of-cycle is testimony to the severe danger of threat, according to Trend Micro.
“9…….. the patch is released
people should run, not walk, to get 10……. installed,” said Trend Micro advanced
threat researcher Paul Ferguson. “This vulnerability is 11…..actively exploited
by cyber-criminals and getting worse 12…. day.”
Trend Micro has identified about
10,000 websites that have 13…… infected with malicious software that can be
surreptitiously slipped 14……. visitors’ IE browsers to take advantage of the
flaw. A major internet portal in Taiwan is among the legitimate
websites unknowingly tainted with malicious software aimed 15……. IE’s weak
spot, according to Ferguson .
10. Fill
each of the numbered blanks in the passage with one suitable word.
Filling
the atmosphere 1……greenhouse gases associated with global warming could push
the planet into a new ice age, scientists 2 ……. warned.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham
The
scientists studied limestone rocks and 6……. evidence that large amounts of greenhouse
gas coincided 7…….. a prolonged period of freezing temperatures.
Such glaciation
could happen again 8…… global warming is not curbed, the university’s school of
geography, earth and environmental sciences warned.
While
pollution in the air is thought to trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere,
causing the planet to heat 9……, this new research suggests it could also have
the opposite effect reflecting rays back into space.
This
effect would be magnified 10…… other forms of pollution in the earth’s
atmosphere 11…..as particles of sulphate pumped into the air through industrial
pollution or volcanic activity and could create ice age conditions once more,
the scientists said.
Ian
Fairchild, lead investigator, told the London
newspaper Daily Telegraph: “We came 12……. with an independent test of a theory
that 13…… earth, like a baked Alaska pudding, was once hot 14…… the outside,
surrounding a cold, icy surface. It happened naturally in the past, but the
wrong use of technology could make it 15…… again.”
WORD FORMATION
Complete the following sentences
with a word derived from the one between brackets.
1. German cars are known for their
……... .(to rely)
2. We look forward to receiving
your price ………. (to quote)
3. Payment will be effected on …….
of the goods. (to receive)
4. A five per cent discount for
regular customers is not really…….. . (to accept)
5. We are looking for a candidate
with real …….capacities. (to manage)
6. Let me introduce you to Helen,
the management ………. (to assist)
7. It's tough being an …….. these
days. The questions interviewers ask! (to apply)
8. I could hit myself. I made the
same mistake twice in……. . (to succeed)
9.Meeting other people, for me, is
a basic……. . (to need)
10.I usually have a sore head after
a night of ….... drinking and smoking. (to exceed)
11.They must have forgotten to add
the ……. to this letter. (to enclose)
12.Check if there is a ……….. fee.
(to cancel)
13……..must be filed within 5
working days. (to complain - plural noun)
14.If your terms are ………., we may
consider placing regular orders. (to satisfy)
15.Could you send us 10 ……..
brochures for distribution among our staff? (to add)
16.In the past three months I have
been working as a…….. . (to train)
17.That rule is not ……. in this
case (apply)
18. English is a ….. easy language for us to
learn. (compare)
19.Don’t tell anyone. This is ….
(confide)
20.Librarians spend a lot of time
…… their books (class)
21.Despite his …… Stevie Wonder
managed to become a top pop singer. (able)
22. In wartime there are often …..
of food. (short)
23.See Mr Baker. This matter is his
… (response).
24.The company got more than 20 …
(complain)
25.What ….. do you need for this
job? (qualify)
26.It is …. to take credit for
other people’s ideas. (moral)
27.The pavement was …. due to the
thin layer of ice that had formed. (slip)
28.The price is £5, excluding ….
and packing. (post)
29.I spent my ….. in the country.
(child)
30.People who smoke ….. their children to do
likewise. (courage)
Phrasal Verbs
1. Phrasal Verbs with 'off'
Complete the first
part of the phrasal verbs. Some verbs may be used more than once but with
different meaning.
1.It's so hot today. Why don't
you. off your coat?
2.Due to a lack of interest, we
had to ….. the
meeting off.
3.Oh no! Look, the wallpaper is ……. off!
4.I stayed up to watch a film,
but then I …….
off.
5.Stop …….off your
knowledge of history.
6.Damn, I couldn't clean that ……. off
my favourite sweater.
7.All the hard work finally ……. off.
8.The company ………. off jobs.
About 100 workers were laid
off.
9.Would you please let me finish
my thought? Don't …….
me off in the middle of a sentence.
10. The
new management …….. off an amazing recovery in the company's fortunes.
11. He
invested the money and ……. off the interest.
12. She
saved money every month and finally managed to ….. off her student loan.
13. They
…..off the decision for another month.
14. We'll
never get the money back - I think we should …… it off.
15. Falling
prices put me off investing in the English property market.
2. Phrasal Verbs with 'out”
Complete the first
part of the phrasal verbs.
1.
I enjoy…….. out with friends.
2.
Last weekend we……. out the shed in our garden.
3.
If you want to go anywhere tonight ,……. me out. I'm
grounded.
4.
His unbelievable story…… out to be true.
5.
Have you ……….out the bin yet?
6.
One should not …..the baby out with the bathwater.
7.
When Simon was little, he used to sing in a choir. But
after his voice change, he ………out.
8.
Do you need a break? You look……… out.
9.
I'm afraid the situation is ……..out of hand.
10. I
saw a shadow, but I couldn't………. out what it was.
11. We
surely can’t …..out the tour now as all the tickets have already been sold.
12. The
students have to ….out only three sections.
13. My
mother has ….out a lot of money lately from her account in order to buy a house
for me.
14. Fortunately,
everything …..out fine in the end.
15. The
stong smell of fresh paint made me ….out.
3. Phrasal Verbs with 'out”
Complete the first part of the phrasal
verbs.
1. I have always …..on well with my
parents.
2. We regret to inform you that this
year we are not …..on any more employees.
3. ….on doing that wonderful job!
4. Everybody needs to …..on with their
work if we want to finish the project in due time.
5. They….
on their early success and soon expanded to become the biggest catering firm in
the South East.
6. Her dancing technique is
good, but he needs to ……. on her strenght.
7.
As a student, I felt that my Maths teacher was always…..on me.
8.
What colour have you ……on for the living room?
9.
I would like you to ….on until I go and check if the manager is available.
10.
Will you ….my message on to when she comes home?
11.
Can I ….on this yellow dress?
12.
Your headache is …..on by the lack of sleep.
13.
I am going to ….on you this afternoon
after I finish work.
14.
In spite of her illness, she seems to be ….on well at school.
15.
My boyfriend’s birthday …..on next Monday.
4. A Night Out
Fill in all the gaps
with the correct form of a phrasal verb.
Dave's a funny chap! He never wants
to …… in the evenings, but when he does, he never wants to go home again!
Last Thursday was a typical example.
I phoned him and asked if he wanted to go out to our local pub for a quick
drink. At first, he said that he didn't want to - he would rather …. and watch
the telly. But after about 10 minutes, I managed to persuade him to come to the
pub.
Well, we had a nice evening, and the
'quick drink' turned into a longer drink; the more Dave and I drank, the more
we wanted to drink. The pub closed at 11 o'clock, so we had to …….then, but Dave wanted to…….. and persuaded me that we should go to the
nightclub in town to continue our 'conversation'. There weren't many people in
the nightclub, but that didn't stop us from having a good time! I finally ……
home at 5 o'clock in the morning, feeling very happy, tired, and drunk.
The way my head felt on Friday
morning (or, to be more accurate, Friday afternoon!), I had to agree with our
friends who say that Dave and I are a bad influence on each other!
5. Being Involved (in)
Fill in all the gaps,
using a phrasal . This exercise uses the adverb particle 'in' with the general
meaning 'to be involved with an activity'
1. If you're organising a trip to London , ……. me ! I love the city!
2. I didn't really want to do it at
first - I was ……… by Dave.
3. This is a fantastic investment
opportunity. If you……… , contact me by Friday.
4. I ……..oil painting, but I prefer watercolours.
5. I'm not interested in ………..
people just because they are useful or powerful.
6.Cease
Fill in all the gaps
This exercise uses the adverb particle 'out' with the general meaning 'to
cease'
1. I don't think
we'll ever…….. financial fraud
completely.
2. The
engine……… so we had to push the car all
the way to the garage.
3. Although the
policy did not change, the protests………. eventually .
4. This course is
too demanding. Most of the students…………
in the first year.
5. The next
morning, he discovered that one of the party guests had……… in the garden.
7. Freezing and Boiling
Fill in all the gaps the correct form of
the phrasal verb “freeze” or “boil”.
Winter extremes
It was an incredibly cold winter.
When I got up that Thursday I was cold and when I went to the bathroom, I was
colder. When I turned the shower on there was no water.
"Oh, no!
The pipes have ."
Luckily I was wrong. My neighbour
downstairs was taking a shower and I didn't have any water pressure in my flat.
10 minutes later, I was able to take my shower and when I got out, the window
in the bathroom had ……...
I put on some milk to make some hot
chocolate. While I was trying to get warm in front of the fire, the milk……. . I
couldn't believe it. I was out of milk, so I put on some water to boil to make
coffee. Then I went upstairs to put on more clothes as I was still cold - and
forgot about the boiling water on the cooker. When I returned to the kitchen,
the water had….. and the saucepan was overheating. I left for work without a
hot drink to warm me up. I thought I
would take the car, but the windscreen was …… and the lock had…… . So I had no
choice but to walk.
I passed the local pond and it had……
, so there were children on it trying to ice skate. Finally, I arrived at work,
shivering with the cold - my nose was red, my hair full of ice and I couldn't
feel my toes. My colleagues told me that even the river had …… and there was no
traffic on it at all.
In effect, we were cut off from the
world as the roads were closed because of snow. At least our e-mail worked, so
we did not feel quite so alone.
A few days
later, the roads and the river were free again, but that was the coldest winter
I had ever experienced.
8. Making Excuses
Fill in all the gaps with the correct form
of a phrasal verb.
A Poor Excuse:
Look, I know it's shocking for an
English teacher to make a spelling mistake, but please don't think too badly of
me. You see, I had a rather demanding week, and I've been under a lot of stress
recently.
So, on Wednesday, when I wrote
"I know I promised to be here earlier, but I was help up in
traffic.", I actually meant to write “…….” in traffic.
On Tuesday evening, a friend, who
knew I'd been suffering a bit of stress recently, ………with a bottle of Irish Whisky and... well,
you know how it is. We didn't stop drinking until we'd …….. of anything to
drink. The next morning, of course, I felt like I'd been run over by a bus, but
although I was a little late, I did manage to go to work. I wrote the Phrasal
Verb e-mail and was just about to check it when something ……. and I had to
leave the office for a while. When I returned I had forgotten that I still
needed to check it, so I just clicked 'send'.
It wasn't until I received the first
e-mail from one of you, pointing out my mistake, that I realised what had
happened. I wanted to phone you all up and tell you, but I knew there was no
way that I'd be able to …….. to all of you, so all I could do was wait until
today to explain what happened.
9.Nostalgia
Fill in all the gaps, using the correct form of a phrasal verb.
Young people usually want to change
things, but when they become old they often become nostalgic and ……. fondly to
earlier times, before things changed. Perhaps the pleasant memories
sometimes …….the unpleasant ones, but
this doesn't mean there isn't truth or wisdom in what old people tell us about
the past. So, rather than complaining that we have to …….. older people ……..
'the good old days', perhaps we should stop and think first - they also have to
…….. our unquestioned belief in progress. Being nostalgic doesn't necessarily
imply that we want to ………. how things were, but it does encourage us to
consider where we're going and whether it really is a good direction.
10. Relationships
a) Fill in all the gaps in this passage
with the correct form of a phrasal verb.
Last week was not a good week for my
brother, Massimo. He and his girlfriend , Magda,1 …….. on a visit to a restaurant.
The trouble began while Magda was in the bathroom, a young lady on the next
table asked Massimo if he had a lighter and he was simply in the process of
giving her a light when Magda returned and got suspicious. She accused Massimo
of 2…… the girl……. , and obviously Massimo defended his innocence.
Unfortunately, the young lady got nervous and refused to3……. Massimo …. when he asked her to help him
explain. Magda has so far refused to 4….. it …… with Massimo despite his phone
calls and flowers. Strangely, although this is the story that Massimo told me,
his girlfriend told me a completely different version of the events in the
restaurant.
b) Fill in all the gaps the correct form of
a phrasal verb.
A: What's the
matter? You look upset.
B: I've just had
a row with Bill.
A: Bill? Isn't
he the new boy - the one who's just moved here from Scotland ?
A: That's right
and as far as I'm concerned he can go right back again.
B: Why? I
thought you'd 1…… each other - you're always chatting together at break time.
B: Well, we've 2
…… each other now. He promised to take me to see 'The Metal Rockers' in concert
tonight, but he's just told me that he can't because he has too much homework
to do. I bought a new outfit, but now I've got nowhere to wear it because he's
3….. me….. .
A: Well, can't
you go on another night?
B: That's not
the point - I thought I could 4…….. him, but obviously I can't.
A: Oh dear. It
sounds to me as if you like him more than you admit - are you sure you
haven't 5……..him?
c) Fill in the gaps with the correct form
of a phrasal verb.
John had been attracted to Suzie for
a long time, but she had been 1…… Dave - the captain of the school football
team. And besides, even if Suzie had been single, he would never have had the
courage to 2…. her…. - whenever he saw
her all he could do was blush and mumble incoherently. John had found her
sitting on the school steps one morning, crying into her hands, and so he'd
asked her what the matter was and she had told him that she'd discovered that
Dave had been 3….. her - and with her
best friend, too!
John sat down next to her and tried
to console her, but she was terribly upset. After about 20 minutes she stopped
crying and even started laughing a little at the jokes John was making about
football players and their intimacy with their team mates. It was the first
time that John had talked to her as a person, without getting nervous and
stumbling over his words. And for Suzy it was the first time that a boy from
school had spoken to her without trying to
4…….her….. . They had to end their conversation at that point because
the bell rang to signal the start of school, so they arranged to meet after
school at a local café.
John arrived at the café first, and
spent his time nervously looking around the café, at the front door, and at his
watch. He realised that he was worried that she would 5…. him….. , but then
realised that this wasn't a date - they were meeting as friends to talk over
her feelings about Dave, and he didn't even know if she was going to forgive
Dave or not! While he was lost in his feelings of guilt he didn't notice Suzie
arrive, so he was surprised when he looked up and saw her sitting in front of
him, smiling. She had bought him a coffee, and as she passed it to him their
hands briefly touched ...
KEY
Collocations and Vocabulary
A. I
1.burst
2.borne
3.carried
4.cast
5.glimpse
6.change
7.convey
8.caused
9.care
10.make
II.
1.ostacle
2.looks
3.draw
4.made
5.driving
6.drop
7.lie
8.question
9.do
10.chance
III.
1.demand
2.secure
3.world
4.together
5.earns
6.maintain
7.enrich
8.head
9.kicking
10.carry
IV.
1.play
2.put
3.stunt
4.form
5.forward
6.raise
7.reads
8.personality
9.flush
10.flooding
V.
1.cast
2.blind
3.tackle
4.take
5.track
6.beyond
7.start
8.words
9.quarter
10.thrown
VI.1.win
2.running
3.carried
4.run
5.put
6.ruin
7.make
8.make
9.make
10.do
VII.
1.take
2.raise
3.keep
4.keep
5.facts
6.take
7.do
8.come
9.owes
10.give
VIII.
1.compile
2.made
3.gave
4.make
5.meet
6.make
7.pay
8.played
9.make
10.take
B.
1.b
2.c
3.c
4.a.
5.a
6.a
7.c
8.a
9.a
10.a
11.c
12.c
13.c.
14.a
15.c
16.a
17.b
18.d
19.a
20.c
C.
1.stupid
2.decorated
3.aware
4.exercise
5.voyage
6.pain
7.round
8.agreement
9.bars
10.barking
11.took
12.off
13.commiting
14.bed
15.give
16.run
17.with
18.to
19.placed
20.softly
Word and Preposition Combinations
I
1.from
2.to
3.with
4.to
5.of
6.of
7.with
8.of
9.at
10.about
11.to
12.of
13.with
14.by
15.with
16.about
17.of
18.to
19.with
20.of
21.by
22.in
23.by
24.of
25.from
II.
1.of
2.with
3.for
4.to, for
5.of
6.with, about
7.in.at
8.in
9.for
10.from
11.about
12.to
13.of
14.on
15.at
16.to
17.in
18.over
19.from
20.at
21.at
22.to
23.from
24.on
25.to
III.
1.to
2.of
3.about
4.in
5.for
6.to
7.in
8.to
9.of
10.on
11.of
12.in
13.of
14.for
15.of
16.for
17.of
18.to
19.for
20.for
21.on
22.for
23.for
24.about
25.for
IV.
1.to
2.with
3.of
4.of
5.of
6.of
7.to
8.of
9.of
10.to/with
11to
12.of
13.of
14.of
15.of
16.of
17.of
18.of
19.to
20.of
21.with
22.to
23.of
24.with
25.of
Open cloze
1.
1.be
2.on
3.have
4.before
5.who
6.for
7.as
8.of
9.at
10.an
11.for
12.it
13.that
14.on
15.to
2.
1.as
2.at
3.of
4.to
5.no
6.for
7.between
8.of
9.may
10.for
11.in
12.through
13.some
14.about
15.so
3.
1.even
2.to
3.suggests
4.in
5.showed
6.explain
7.on
8.as
9.which
10.throughout
11.for
12.than
13.at
14.of
15.to
4.
1.their
2.ones
3.on
4.them
5.to
6.in
7.own
8.as
9.on
10.although
11.a
12.they
13.by
14.download
15.how
5.
1.surfs
2.her
3.can
4.new
5.as
6.for
7.be
8.her
9.to
10.being
11.requested
12.was
13.an
14.had
15.never
6.
1.become
2.of
3.do
4.is
5.that
6.even
7.so
8.actually
9.stored
10.onto
11.the
12.much
13.than
14.onto
15.take
7.
1.few
2.for
3.of
4.has
5.over
6.say
7.with
8.touch
9.ago
10.with
11.same
12.rather
13.out
14.on
15.went
8.
1.who
2.agreed
3.is
4.expressing
5.using
6.there
7.under
8.for
9.been
10.for
11.cooperate
12.through
13.of
14.intention
15.men
9.
1.over
2.response
3.time
4.according
5.on
6.are
7.with
8.its
9.when
10.it
11.being
12.every
13.been
14.into
15.at
10.
1.with
2.have
3.years
4.full
5.covered
6.found
7.with
8.if
9.up
10.by
11.such
12.up
13.the
14.on
15.happen
Word Formation
1.reliability
2.quotation
3.receipt
4.acceptable
5.managerial
6.assistant
7.applicant
8.succession
9.necessity
10.excessive
11.enclosures
12.cancellation
13.complaints
14.satisfactory
15.additional
16.trainee
17. .applicable
18.comparatively
19..confidential
20.classifying
21. disability
22.shortages
23.responsibility
24.complaints
25.qualifications
26.immoral
27.slippery
28.postage
39.childhood
30.disencourage
1.Phrasal Verbs with “off”
1.take
2.call
3.coming
4.dozed
5.showing
6.clean
7.paid
8.killed
9.cut
10.brought
11.lived
12.pay
13.put
14.write
15.put
2.Phrasal Verbs with “out”
1.hang
2.cleared
3.count
4.turned
5.emptied
6.pour
7.dropped
8.tired
9.getting
10.make
11.back
12.fill
13.taken
14.work
15.pass
3.Phrasal Verbs with “on”
1. got
2.take
3.go
4.crack
5.built
6.work
7.pick
8.decide
9.hold
10.pass
11.try
12.brought
13.call
14.getting
15.falls
4.A Night Out
Go out
Stay in
Drink up
Stay out
Got back
5.Being involved in
Count in
Roped in
Want in
Dabble in
Keeping in with
6.Cease
Stamp out
Conked out
Petered out
Drop out
Crashed out
7.Freezing and Boiling
Frozen up
Frosted up
Boiled over
Boiled away
Frosted over
Frozen up
Frozen over
Frozen over
8.Making Excuses
Held up
Turned up
Run out
Came up
Get through
9.Nostalgia
Look back
Blot out
Put up with
Harking back to
Put up with
Go back
10.Relationships
a) fell out
chatting up
back up
make it up
b) taken to
fallen out with
let down
count on
fallen for
c)going out with
ask out
cheating on
chat up
stand up
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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